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학위논문 동서

국어 합성 이름씨의 짜임새에 관한 연구

주이회

부산: 동아대학교 1997. -

75장: 삽도; 26cm. -

학위논문(석사)- 동아대학교 대학원 국어국문학과 1997년2월

영문초록 : A compound word is not that a morpheme and a morpheme combined and used like a word, but a new word that the combination of two words excluding affixes makes. Defining a compound word as more than two morphemes combine, although the information of a compound constituent is occupied, the information of a compound word as the compound result is not included. If a compound word is defined as a new word, the clear limit of a constituent is possible and it can distinguish something to appear as the result from the different linguistic expression. The reason for going through experience the confusion in distinguishing between a compound word and a word sequence, can be classified largely into three. A compound word and a word sequence are ①used as a similar constituent, ②the constituent forms a layered structure and ③there are difficulties in distinguishing the constituents because of the similar matic relationship between them. But a compound word and a word sequence can set a distinctive standard in the aspect of a form and a meaning. ①A compound word's open juncture can not be appled to word sequence phonologically. ②A compound word can not separate the constituent morphologically, and ③thematically its meaning is specified. With exception of the special case in which we can apply a compound word's open juncture intentionally for the purpose of the heightening the effect of the linguistic expression, in the case of a Korean-speaking person, he can grasp easily whether the open-juncture as the phonological standard intervenes to distinguish between a compound word and a word sequence or not. Examining the aspect of a fossilization also in a compound word, a fossilization means the phenomenon that a linguistic element to disappear with time or to go through the change remaines in synchronie with the feature before changing. The fossilization is a phenomenon which is applied to not only the linguistic element as a phoneme or as a morpheme but also the grammatical rule as the phonological rule or as the morphophonemics rule. Therefore a fossiliged word is recognized as the simplest form in which the analysis is impossible or as a word not to be comprehended even if the analysis is possible. A fossilized word by the glossarization, differently from the way an ordering word is derived by the productive rules, is registered in the lexicon and so it is used by the memory if necessary. The inseparability of a constituent can be confirmed by the impossibility of constituents' internal extension and with a limit in the external distribution style, in the case of the parallel composition of a compound noun which can confirm the inseparability of a constituent by the impossibility of changing an arrangement order. A form structure of a compound noun should follow the analysis of an immediate constituent. In the relation to the form of a compound noun there are classifications; 'a syntactic compound and a non-syntactic compound', 'a radical compound and a verbal compound' etc. However, it is not particularly of help for understanding about the analysis of a compound noun. A syntactic compound and a non-syntactic are decided by pre-posing constituent, yet such a distribution does not explain a restriction or a limit of the compound method, but simply shows only the similarity of a syntactic formation. Inspecting the compound noun by analysis of the immediate constituent, we can know that a preposing constituent is not restricted by a part of speech. An parts of speech of Korean can come to the place of a preposing constituent, and there is no more than difference of the frequence to be used in composing parts of speech. Although this is the important basic knowledge on the understanding of a compound noun, it forms the more important foundation on the formation of a compound noun. When we form a new compound noun, it means we can freely choose the characteristic of things to express that there is no restriction of the usable parts of speech. Accordingly widening an expression, we can make productively pratical applications. It must distinguish between the meaning of a compound noun and a thematic structure. The meaning of a compound noun says the meaning of a new word, and a thematic structure says the semantic relation between constituents Classifying a compound noun by meaning we get ①a subordinate compound. ②a parallel compound and ③a fusion compound. However, this classification is not always rational. A subordinate compound does not means that the meaning of a compound is subordinate, but that a preposing compound in a semantic relation is subordinate to a preposing compound. A compound noun formed with such a structure takes a great part of Korean compound nouns. But a parallel compound can be regarded not as a compound noun, but as a word sequence because it is not suitable for three compound-word rules mentioned above as the standard of a compound. In case a thematic structure of constituents should be parallel and the meaning of two constituents should appear so it might be considered only a word sequence of a simple junction not compounding. This does not make a new word, because it is possible for it to be intervened in an open junction and to disjunct constituents. A fusion compound is considered only the meaning to appear as the result of compounding. This is of no help for understanding the rule of a compound noun, since this does not furnish any information about a semantic relation. The possible semantic relation is unlimited in a compound noun which is formed into subordinate structure, for there is no limit of forms of a linguistic expression to express the demonstrative object. If it can be understood by people which semantic relation the preposing compound have with the postposing compound, a composition will be formed, so it is very difficult to describe the thematic structure of a compound noun in detail. Though several scholars have described the thematic structure, it is not presented completely in the most reasonable method but only classified for the sake of convenience. But such a classification is useful in respect of offering the knowledge to be able to quote in understanding the form of a compound and in making a new compound noun. Consequently the classification and the description about the thematic structure of a compound noun cannot but be chosen by needs. The formation process of a compound noun can be known through the various morphologic structures and thematic structures by expressing the same demonstrative object in several compound noun. And this process can help the understanding about the various compound forms to the Korean speaking people. We can judge whether or not a compound word is usable through this process. In addition, such a study must be able to be used in practical life. One must be able to provide an analysis by searching each example that corresponds to every stage of the process in order to show to the Korean-speaking dialogist the process of forming words of lexicalization, the practical use of a compound noun must be very open.

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