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학위논문 동서

J.S.밀(John Stuart Mill)의 政治思想에 관한 硏究

차두철

부산: 동아대학교 1984. -

72p: 삽도; 27cm. -

학위논문(석사)- 동아대학교 대학원 정치학과 전공 84년12월

영문초록 : John Stuart Mill was the most important representative of liberal thinker in the middle of nineteenth century. Therefore, by studying Mill's political thought, we may use it for a foundation stone in establishment of liberal dem democracy. In this respect, this thesis deals with political thought of Mill with a special reference to his major works, "A system of Logic", "Utilitarianism", "On Liberty", "Considerations on Representative Government", "Autobiography", etc. Mill was born into a powerful philsophical and political movement, deriving from the previous century and dominated by the mighty Bentham. Mill's thought was based on Bentham's Utilitarianism, but his own thought presents Benthamism in a form so modified and accomodated as to allow it to be affective in the new age. The distinctive characteristic of Mill's Utilitarianism was that he tried to express a conception of moral character with his own personal iuealism. At this, Mill's revised Utilitarianism is the root of his revision of liberalism. Mill's Utilitarianism was important for liberalism because in effort it abandoned egoism, assumed that social welfare is a matter of concern to all men of good will, and regarded freedom, integrity self-respect, and personal distintion as intrissic goods apart from their contribution to happiness. Mill had a firm belief of democracy; Nevertheless, he insisted the stroll conditions of democracy-plurality of votes, exclussive of suffrage, etd., in other to protect against the ral danger with which attend voting act of great majority. Consequently, Mill judged that the government of bourgeois is real democracy. In this respect, Mill's political thought displays one limited aspect which did not take off from the old liberalism. On the other hand, MIll indicated a necessity of state interference for the more equal distribution of wealth, taking off from the so-called clssical economic theory-the theory of laissez-faire. And he made clear that a stated interference and a state compulsion must be permitted to the other-regarding act of individual. These facts are counter to the concept of individual freedom of laissez-faire. In this respect, Mill's thought prepared for the foundation which converted the old liberalism to a new liberalism. Mill's political thought displays twofold disposition because his political thought was evolved in the conditions of transitional period that England history of though had lain. Nevertheless, the consistent main subject of Mill's political thought was the harmony between the individual self-realization and the whole social well-being. And it have succeeded to the important view or logic of the new liberalists-T.H. Green, L.T. Hobhouse, and nowdays liberal democrats. In this respect, Mill's political thought made an important contribution to the development of liberal democratic theory.

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