Alterations in the distribution of GABAA receptors are likely to play pivotal roles in epilepsy. Current findings indicate that such changes are more complex than general increases or decreases in specific subunits and can involve differential changes in principal cells and interneurons, altered localization at synapses, and altered subunit partnerships. For an expanded treatment of this topic see Jasper’s Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies, Fourth Edition (Noebels JL, Avoli M, Rogawski MA, Olsen RW, Delgado-Escueta AV, eds) published by Oxford University Press (available on the National Library of Medicine Bookshelf [NCBI] at www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books).