在口部的动作中有一个与进食有关的必不可少的动作是咀嚼。汉语中的单音节动词“嚼”和与之对应的韩语的“씹다”都有表达这个动作的意思。从隐喻表现上的分析发现这一对词语在隐喻认知上的异同是本文所要研究的内容。 两个词语都拥有相同的源域, 即将食物磨碎切割的动作域。这个动作体现出了有征服感, 需要反复进行等四个特点。也因为这种特点这一对词语向目标域进行映射的相似性也由此而产生。 这一对词语都向“处理”、“品味”、“承受”、“阅读”、“谈论(话题)”、“指责、责备”六个目标域进行了映射是它们的共同点。而汉语“嚼”向“有意义“这个目标域进行了映射, 韩语“씹다”向“征服”、“回忆”、“思考、分析”三个目标域进行了映射是两种语言所拥有的差异点。同时, “씹다”的隐喻表现中有两个是已经完成了词汇化的过程, 所以在这个词上韩语的词汇化程度更高。 两个词语存在着以上的差异是因为人们在认识世界的过程中, 选择了不同的人体器官, 从而在根本的认知上产生了差异。
One of the essential movements of the mouth related to eating is chewing. The monosyllabic verb “嚼” in Chinese and the corresponding Korean “씹다” both express the meaning of this action. From the analysis of metaphorical expressions, it is observed that the similarities and differences of this pair of words in metaphorical cognition are the content of this paper. The two words share the same source domain, that of action domain that grinds and cuts food. This action reflects four characteristics such as a feeling of conquest, need to be repeated and so on. Also because of the characteristics of the pair of words to the similarity of the target domain mapping. The pair of words to “processing”, “taste” and “bear”, “reading”, “talk about (subject)”, “blame, blame” six target domain. The Chinese “嚼” is mapped to the target domain of “meaningful”, and the Korean “씹다” is mapped to the three target domains of “conquer”, “recall”, “thinking, analysis”, which is the difference between the two languages point. At the same time, two of the metaphorical expressions of “씹다” have already completed the process of lexicalization, therefore the Korean has a higher degree of lexicalization on this word. The above difference between the two words is because people choose different human organs in the process of understanding the world, thereby generation differences in fundamental cognition.