It is universally recognized that the college entrance examination system plays an important role in the connection between primary, secondary and higher education. Also it’s a kind of important mediation between colleges and society. As the college entrance examination system guides the direction of the primary and second education, allocates educational resources, play a role in maintaining stability and promoting the process of society, it may even be the focus of social problems. As the main means by which colleges select their students, the college entrance examination system has a vital position in education. Therefore both in Korea and China, the college entrance examination systems have attracted much public attention since their establishment, and reforms are going on consistently. The college entrance examination systems need to be further improved so as to meet the requirements of the changing times and social needs. It is of great significance to explore how to select talented students and improve the quality of primary, secondary and higher education. By comparison of the college entrance examination systems in the two countries, this study aims to find the implications for each other and improve the existing college entrance examination systems. Since the political, economic, and social systems are different between Korea and China, there are many differences in the college entrance examination systems, while there are also implications which can be helpful for improving the problems shown in the college entrance examination systems. Meanwhile, many problems exist in both countries’ college entrance examination systems which needs to be improved and reformed. During this process, attention should not only be paid to the talent selection methods, but also the development of students’ abilities, individuality, and the improvement of education’s quality. Still the two systems have some implications for each other which are conductive to solving the problems in the existing ones.