Red mud and coal gangue are industrial solid wastes discharged during alumina extraction and coalmining, respectively. As these are hazardous materials, their disposal leads to serious environmentalissues. In this study, an innovative utilization of red mud through co-roasting with coal gangue forseparation and recycling of iron and aluminum minerals is presented. Under optimum co-roastingconditions (550 C for 50 min), an iron concentrate containing 57.25% TFe (total iron content) with therecovery of 65.22%, and an aluminum-rich product containing 27.26% Al2O3 with the recovery of 71.37%were obtained after magnetic separation. The characteristics of mixed raw material and products allindicated that the goethite and hematite phases in the mixed raw material were transformed into amagnetite phase after co-roasting, although some of the magnetite generated during co-roasting wasoxidized to hematite again. This study demonstrates that co-roasting of coal gangue and red mud is apromising technology for the reduction of iron and activation of aluminum to realize resource recyclingwithout additional materials