泸沽湖是中国云南省和四川省交界处的一片宝藏,坐落于横断山脉的东侧。其地理位置让人惊叹,湖泊被壮观的山脉环绕,令人感到宁静和恢弘。云南省的宁蒗彝族自治县占据了泸沽湖大部分区域 ,而四川省的盐源县则涵盖了湖泊的一小部分。这两个省份共同为泸沽湖的保存和发展做出了贡献。 摩梭人居住在泸沽湖畔,生活在 “男不娶女不嫁”、“舅掌礼仪母掌财”的母系大家族形式中。摩梭人的这一特殊的文化现象从近代研究领域开始,就被社会学、人类学等诸多学科的学者所关注,与之相关的研究也层出不穷。本文旨在探讨泸沽湖畔摩梭人的服饰和符号,分析其文化意义和历史背景。通过对泸沽湖摩梭人的传统服饰和符号的研究,可以更深入地了解摩梭人的文化和生活方式,以及其独特的社会结构和价值观念。本文主要从服饰和符号的角度进行研究,结合历史和社会背景对其进行分析。 民族服饰都是在特定的社会生活环境中产生和创造的,服饰与社会生活环境之间的关系就是创造和被创造的关系。人们对服饰进行创造的过程中,融入了自己对美的审视和思考,贯穿着自己的情感表达,同时也深刻体现着社会文化的特征。甚至从某种程度上说,服饰本身就是一种文化。在人类学的研究中,服饰一直是被作为固定的“物”来研究的,学者们尝试着对服饰的象征性、符号性进行文化上的分类,深刻揭示了服饰背后所蕴含的文化特点、社会文化秩序。这些问题,也是国内学者在研究少数民族服饰时的主要出发点。 符号的作用就是传播文化信息。对于民族服饰来说,这种服饰文化是以“服饰”作为信号传播文化信息,因此就具有了规范意义,这种规范意义具有较大功能,如传递、沟通和信息交流作用,同时也可以或多或少地传达民族文化信息、民族发展的历代历史、民族世俗生活经验等内容,正是服饰这一文化信号在历代社会的传播,才使服饰文化源远流长。
Lugu Lake, located at the intersection of Yunnan and Sichuan provinces in China, is a gem nestled on the eastern side of the Hengduan Mountains. Its geographical location is awe-inspiring, with the lake surrounded by magnificent mountain ranges evoking a sense of serenity and grandeur. Ninglang Yi Autonomous County in Yunnan encompasses the majority of Lugu Lake, while a small portion lies within the Yanyuan County in Sichuan. Both provinces have collectively contributed to the preservation and development of the Lugu Lake. The Mosuo people reside by the Lugu Lake, living under a unique matrilineal family system characterized by practices such as men do not marry and women do not wed and a division of roles wherein maternal uncles manage ceremonies and mothers handle finances. This unique cultural phenomenon of the Mosuo people has garnered attention from scholars across disciplines such as sociology and anthropology since the modern research era, leading to numerous related studies. This paper aims to delve into the attire and symbols of the Mosuo people living by the Lugu Lake, analyzing their cultural significance and historical context. Through studying the traditional attire and symbols of the Mosuo by Lugu Lake, one can gain a deeper understanding of the Mosuo culture, lifestyle, and their distinct social structures and values. This study primarily focuses on the perspective of attire and symbols, incorporating historical and sociocultural backgrounds for its analysis. Ethnic attire originates from specific social living environments. The relationship between attire and the social environment is one of creation and being created. Throughout the process of creating attire, individuals infuse their perceptions of beauty and contemplation, express their emotions, and profoundly reflect societal and cultural features. To some extent, attire itself can be considered a form of culture. In anthropological studies, attire has consistently been researched as a fixed "object", where scholars attempt to categorize its symbolism and semiotics in a cultural context, revealing the underlying cultural traits and social order. These issues are also the primary focal points for domestic researchers studying minority ethnic attire. Symbols serve the purpose of transmitting cultural information. For ethnic attire, this clothing culture disseminates cultural information using "attire" as a signal, hence carrying a normative meaning. This normative significance possesses vital functions such as transmission, communication, and information exchange. It also conveys, to varying degrees, information about ethnic culture, historical evolution, and conventional experiences. It is the transmission of this cultural signal throughout successive generations that ensures the enduring legacy of attire culture.