34) 预重整是在企业破产拯救背景下,基于市场主体意思自治但又导向庭内 正式重整程序的庭外重组谈判程序。构建预重整制度是司法重整程序和庭 外债务重组的缺陷所带来的必然结果。预重整制度的本质是将重整程序中 的核心步骤即债权审核、资产审计评估、重整计划制定、表决和通过等前 置至司法程序之前进行,且将预重整程序中的谈判成果可以通过重整程序 得到固化,运用非司法程序与司法程序的结合、当事人意思自治与司法干 预的结合,以较低的成本,较短的时间,实现债权人、债务企业、担保企 业等各方价值利益的最大化,达到缩短重整期限、降低重整成本、提高重 整企业的清偿率、缓解当地政府维稳压力等社会和经济双重目标。 同时,域外各国成熟的发展经验以及中国各地法院对预重整制度创新 运用的成功案例,证明预重整制度的可行性。但由于中国目前没有预重 整的相关立法,预重整在中国并非一项法定的制度,预重整不具有司法 重整程序的规范效力,实践中债权人反悔预重整方案,在预重整期间主 张债权的案例比比皆是,而法院无法适用重整程序的规则予以裁判。 因此,借鉴联合国《破产法立法指南》立法建议和域外国家预重整的 立法经验,结合中国地方法院预重整的司法实践以及中国目前司法环 境,对预重整制度进行规范化构建,赋予预重整方案强制效力,在市场 化和法治化的轨道上来推动预重整司法实践,从而推动经济高质量发展 和现代化经济体系建设。
Pre-restructuring is an out-of-court restructuring negotiation procedure based on the autonomy of the market subject but oriented to the formal restructuring procedure in the court under the background of the enterprise bankruptcy rescue. The construction of pre-restructuring system is the inevitable result of the defects of judicial restructuring procedure and out-of-court debt restructuring. Nature in the process of the reorganization system is the key step in the reorganization process claims audit, assets audit assessment, reorganization plan, before the vote, and through the front to the judicial process, and will advance the negotiation results in the reorganization process can get cured by restructuring program, using the combination of the judicial process and the judicial process, the combination of party autonomy and judicial intervention, At a lower cost and in a shorter time, the value interests of creditors, debt enterprises, guarantee enterprises and other parties can be maximized, and the social and economic dual goals such as shortening the restructuring period, reducing the restructuring cost, improving the liquidation rate of restructured enterprises, and alleviating the pressure on local government to maintain stability can be achieved. At the same time, the mature development experience of countries outside the region and the successful cases of the innovative application of the pre-restructuring system by Chinese courts prove the feasibility of the pre-restructuring system. But because there is no pre reforming legislation in our country, advance reforming in China is not a legal system, advance reforming don't have the standard procedure of the judicial reforming effect, in the practice of creditors out of pre reforming scheme, during the period of pre reforming cases abound for creditor's rights and the court cannot apply the rules of the reorganization process shall be the referee. Reference to the United Nations. therefore, the bankruptcy law legislation guide legislative proposals and countries outside pre reforming legislation experience, combining the judicial practice of our district court pre reforming and judicial environment in our country, the standardization construction on system of pre reforming, gives pre reforming scheme mandatory effectiveness, marketization and government by law track to push for the reforming of judicial practice, In order to promote high-quality economic development and the construction of a modern economic system.