The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of Chinese exporters in implementing eco-friendly supply chain management, and specifically to verify how environmental orientation and social responsibility affect management performance, and to verify the intermediary effect of implementing eco-friendly supply chain management. A total of 203 questionnaires were used to verify the hypothesis of this paper. To sum up the results of the studies, first, environmental orientation has the effect of caring for eco-friendly supply chain management and economic performance. Second, the implementation of eco-friendly supply chain was found to have a significant positive effect on the economic performance of the enterprise. Third, social responsibility was found to have a significant impact on the management of eco-friendly supply chains, but not on economic performance. Fourth, implementing eco-friendly supply chains has been shown to serve as a medium in the relationship between environmental orientation and management performance. To sum up, China faces serious problems in resource depletion and environmental issues as it becomes a manufacturing power, and the Chinese government enacts environmental regulations and policies against this backdrop, and the implementation of eco-friendly supply chain management is inevitable at a time when export systems of foreign exporting countries are becoming stricter. Therefore, it suggests that Chinese manufacturing enterprises must have environmental-oriented acts and social responsibilities that promote the practice of eco-friendly supply chain management for the improvement of short-term economic performance and long-term survival.