This paper takes the innovation of college physical education teaching guided by multiple intelligences theory from the perspective of general education as the research object, in order to ensure the reliability of the study, the three indicators of coefficient of variation, Kendall harmony coefficient (Kendall W) and chi-square test were selected for reliability analysis, and the structural equation model of the test model was tested by AMOS21.0, and the fit degree of the structural model was analyzed from three aspects: absolute fit, value-added fit and comprehensive fit, and the structural equation model analysis was carried out by AMOS software to test the hypothesis of the research model. Through literature and expert interviews, this paper takes the problems existing in physical education innovation in colleges and universities from the perspective of general education as the starting point, and based on the theory of multiple intelligences as the guide, this paper innovatively constructs the physical education teaching mode from five aspects: physical education teaching concept, teaching objectives, teaching content, teaching methods and teaching evaluation, so as to provide a theoretical reference for the innovation of physical education teaching in colleges and universities.