Sustainability and resilience have become important concepts for power system design. In most studies, both concepts are considered separately. The lack of a holistic view leads likely to inefficient system designs, for example due to acceptance of high environmental costs for a marginal improvement of service reliability. For this reason, a framework for the integrated assessment of resilience and sustainability of power systems is proposed, utilizing deterministic simulation and life cycle approaches. The goal is to develop a new method which shows dependencies and trade-offs between resilience and sustainability aspects. The framework is applied to a low voltage grid considering disruptive events, which are contrasted with different energy system scenarios. The results demonstrate that system design options can improve both the system’s resilience and reduce the overall sustainability. Therefore, it is beneficial to weigh resilience and sustainability against each other, notably in terms of material resource efficiency for resilience measures. This is especially helpful in co-design processes.