Placental deficiency during maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection
- Resource Type
- Authors
- Banu Duru; Cengiz Alatas; Fusun Can; Ozlem Dogan; Baris Ata; Sebile Guler Cekic; Tugba Gursoy; Gulin Ozcan; Mete Manici; Nilgun Kapucuoglu; Ebru Celik; Onder Ergonul; Mert Turgal; Yeşim Beşli; Cansel Vatansever; Erhan Palaoğlu
- Source
- Placenta
- Subject
- Adult
Placenta Diseases
Placenta
Developmental biology
Obstetrics and gynecology
Reproductive biology
Physiology
Disease
Antibodies, Viral
COVID-19
Placental pathological findings
Pregnancy
SARS-CoV-2 infection
Umbilical cord
Severity of Illness Index
Article
Cohort Studies
medicine
Humans
Prospective Studies
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
Prospective cohort study
skin and connective tissue diseases
Fetus
biology
business.industry
SARS-CoV-2
fungi
Infant, Newborn
Pregnancy Outcome
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Gestational age
medicine.disease
Fetal Blood
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
medicine.anatomical_structure
Reproductive Medicine
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
biology.protein
Premature Birth
Female
Antibody
business
Immunity, Maternally-Acquired
Developmental Biology
- Language
- English
- ISSN
- 1532-3102
0143-4004
Introduction: maternal anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibodies can cross the placenta during pregnancy, and neonates born to infected mothers have acquired antibodies at birth. Few studies reported data on the histopathological changes of the placenta during infection and placental infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection may cause impaired development of the placenta, thus predisposing maternal and fetal unfavorable outcomes. The prospective study aims to evaluate the risk of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and placental passage of anti-Spike antibodies as well as the impact of clinical severity on placental structures. Methods: this is a prospective cohort study on 30 pregnant women infected by SARS-CoV-2 with their neonates. The demographic features and pregnancy outcomes were collected. Gross and microscopic examinations of the placentas were done. Maternal and umbilical cord sera were obtained at the time of delivery. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from neonates immediately after birth. Results: the concentrations of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibodies were higher in pregnant women with moderate to severe/critical disease. The maternal total anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike levels were correlated with those of neonatal levels. The rate of placental abnormalities is high in the mothers with severe disease, and those with positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM. All neonates had negative nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS- CoV-2 infections and all placentas were negative in immunohistochemical staining for Spike protein. Discussion: the maternally derived anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody can transmit to neonates born to infected mothers regardless of gestational age. Our results indicated that the disease severity is associated with ischemic placental pathology which may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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