Although epilepsy is a historical disease, with the rapid progress of studies in the field of genetics, there is a need for new updates in terms of both definition, classification and treatment. The International League Against Epilepsy defined epilepsy as at least 2 untriggered seizures recurring at intervals longer than 24 hours; a diagnosis of epileptic syndrome, or one untriggered seizure accompanied by >60% probability of recurrence. Epilepsy; affects 5-10 per thousand of children, with the highest incidence in infancy. This rate varies between 8-14 per thousand in Türkiye. Epilepsy syndromes are defined and classified in newborns, infants and children in 2022 by considering certain criteria such as age of onset, family history, neurological examination, possibility of responding to medication, remission, comorbidities, seizure types, electroencephalography features, neuroimaging, genetics, and differential diagnosis. Epilepsy syndromes in newborns and infants were classified as self-limited epilepsies, developmental and epileptic encephalopathies and etiology-specific syndromes. Childhood epilepsies were grouped as self-limiting focal epilepsies of childhood, genetic generalized epilepsies and developmental and/or epileptic encephalopathies of childhood. Knowing the type and etiology of epilepsy and confirming the clinical suspicion of a specific syndrome avoids unnecessary additional tests. Contraindicated medications and ineffective treatment are avoided. Such as avoiding sodium channel blockers in patients with SCN1A-related epilepsy, or preferring these drugs first in channelopathy caused by KCNQ1 mutation in the neonatal period. It allows predicting the prognosis and allowing for information. It helps to personalize treatment based on the etiological gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]