It has been shown that paclitaxel is beneficial in the treatment of recurring and platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. In addition, it is well-tolerated by most patients. However, it is not clear whether paclitaxel is more beneficial than re-challenge with conventional platinum-based chemotherapy. In this study, we retrospectively compared the efficacy and tolerability of weekly TJ (T: 70 mg/mm² paclitaxel, and J: carboplatin AUC 2, given as 1 hour infusions) to re-challenge with one of two platinum-based regimens (JC: carboplatin and cyclophosphamide. or CP: cisplatin and cyclophosphamide) in ovarian cancer patients with recurrent disease treated previously with a platinum based regimen or TJ (administered once every 3 weeks). Eligibility criteria for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer included prior treatment (a platinum-containing regimen or TJ once every 3 weeks), measurable or CA125-assessable disease, and adequate organ function. Treatment was continued until disease progression or completion of 18 weekly administrations. Eleven patients entered the weekly TJ group, of whom 8 completed 18 projected courses of therapy. Treatment was discontinued in 3 of the 11 patients due to disease progression. Thirteen patients were re-challenged with platinum-based regimens (JC or CP). The overall response rate in the 11 patients treated with weekly TJ infusions was 54.5%. This was significantly greater than the overall response rate noted among the 13 patients re-challenged with platinum-based regimens (15.4%). Overall survival after relapse of disease did not differ between the two groups. Among the 11 patients receiving weekly TJ therapy, grade 3 to 4 neutropenia was observed in 3 patients (27.3%). and grade 3 alopecia was observed in S patients, however, grade 3 to 4 anemia, thrombocytopenia, and peripheral neuropathy were not observed. Weekly TJ chemotherapy produces a high response rate with acceptable toxicity in patients with relapsed ovarian cancer and...