There has been little data collected on how much testing actually goes on in America's schools and how the results are used. So in the Spring of 2014, the Council staff developed and launched a survey of assessment practices. This report presents the findings from that survey and subsequent Council analysis and review of the data. It also offers an initial set of observations about testing in our school systems and how it might be improved. The report does not answer all questions on this complex issue, but it should give a more complete and well-rounded picture of the amount and range of tests administered in the nation's urban school systems. The following are appended: (1) The Federal Role in Assessment Policy; (2) Mandated Tests by District; (3) Georgia CTE [Career and Technical Education] Tests (4) Assessment Survey (5) Examples of Other Mandated Assessments; and (6) Council of the Great City Schools.