Considering the role of accompanied species and their characteristics in plant communities, it could be argued that laboratory studies on identifying the response of each plant species to the characteristics of fire are not applicable to natural ecosystems. Therefore, this study sought to identify the relationship between vegetation characteristics and the number and magnitude of wildfires in recent events that occurred in watershed of Sirjan plain from 2013 to 2021. To this end, those parts of the plant community that have survived the wildfire were sampled to investigate habitat characteristics and the qualitative and qualitative variables of vegetation using extensive field operations. The results revealed that all the region’s plant communities where Artemisia was the dominant species (i.e., 13 plant communities out of 43 ones) experienced wildfire. Moreover, the highest percentage of fire-burned lands and the highest frequency of wildfires in the region belonged to Artemisia aucheri-Astragalus parrowianus plant communities with values of 65% and 36.5%, respectively. A strong significant polynomial relationship between the wildfire burned area and the percentage of Artemisia canopy was found, with the coefficient of determination being 89.4%. Additionally, the presence of woody species in the composition of species and the existence of medicinal species in the dominant species increased the area of burned surfaces by 82% (p < 0.05) and 85% (p < 0.01), respectively. Since applying plant species for plantation, improvement and rehabilitation in rangelands is an important executive tool changing the plant composition variable, wildfire incidences can thus be potentially preventable by altering the arrangement of dominant and accompanied species.