Parathyroid hormone (PTH), along with vitamin D and hormones called calcitonin, regulates the body’s metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. If there is a problem with calcium regulation in the body, parathyroid hormone is analyzed through various tests. However, there are difficulties in testing due to the various physiological characteristics of PTH. In this study, PTH-specific aptamers were selected by performing SELEX. Finally, the binding affinity between the target protein and the aptamer was analyzed through SPR to select three optimal aptamers. It was confirmed that PTH was detected by western blotting grafted with the selected aptamer. In addition, a model in which the selected aptamer and PTH bind was analyzed through docking simulation, and it was confirmed that the selected aptamer binds to different sites of PTH.