信托作为一项财产管理制度起源于英国, 它从英国发源的主要功能是规避法律限制, 实现财产的转移, 在衡平法的庇佑下该制度在英国的历史土壤中逐渐成熟和完善。由于信托制度的灵活性和优越性被许多国家所效仿和移植, 随着西风东渐, 信托制度传入了中国。但是由于不同法系和国情的差异, 使得信托制度在中国的发展受到了一定的阻碍和限制。商事信托制度移植到中国需要结合中国的国情进行改造,构建中国特色的信托法律制度。本文介绍了商事信托法律移植中的制度障碍, 分析制度差异的根源性问题, 从产权理论和交易费用理论寻找商事信托法律制度的中国方案, 最终找到一条适合中国国情的信托法治道路,即在法律上确立商事信托的法主体地位, 充分发挥其信托财产独立性、受托人与受益人的权利分配和信托机制的灵活性等优势, 促进其在金融理财领域的广泛运用。 信托作为一项财产管理制度起源于英国, 它从英国发源的主要功能是规避法律限制, 实现财产的转移, 在衡平法的庇佑下该制度在英国的历史土壤中逐渐成熟和完善。由于信托制度的灵活性和优越性被许多国家所效仿和移植, 随着西风东渐, 信托制度传入了中国。但是由于不同法系和国情的差异, 使得信托制度在中国的发展受到了一定的阻碍和限制。商事信托制度移植到中国需要结合中国的国情进行改造,构建中国特色的信托法律制度。本文介绍了商事信托法律移植中的制度障碍, 分析制度差异的根源性问题, 从产权理论和交易费用理论寻找商事信托法律制度的中国方案, 最终找到一条适合中国国情的信托法治道路,即在法律上确立商事信托的法主体地位, 充分发挥其信托财产独立性、受托人与受益人的权利分配和信托机制的灵活性等优势, 促进其在金融理财领域的广泛运用。
As a property management system, trust originated in Britain, and its main function is to avoid legal restrictions and realize the transfer of property. Under the protection of equity, the system gradually matured and improved in Britain. Because of the flexibility and superiority of the trust system, it has been imitated and transplanted by many countries including China. However, due to the differences between legal systems and national conditions, the development of trust system in China has been hindered and limited. The transplantation of commercial trust system to China needs to be transformed in combination with China's national conditions in order to build a trust legal system with Chinese characteristics. This paper introduces the institutional obstacles in the legal transplantation of commercial trust, analyzes the root causes of institutional differences, looks for a Chinese plan for the legal system of commercial trust from the property right theory and transaction cost theory, and finally finds a path suitable for China's national conditions. The suggestions are to establish the legal subject status of commercial trust in law, and give full play to its independence of trust property, the rights distribution between the trustee and the beneficiary and the flexibility of the trust mechanism, promote its wide application in the field of financial management.