This study was conducted to confirm the basic reading literacy of vocational students and to analysis the factors that affect the basic reading literacy. To this end, Vocational Students data were used for analysis using data from PISA 2018. First of all, looking at the results of the analysis of vocational students' lack of basic reading literacy, 33% of all students were found to be a group that did not have basic literacy. In this study, HGLM was conducted to analyze the factors influencing basic reading literacy of vocational students, and the same model was applied to both vocational and general students to compare factors. As a result, it was found that teachers' learning support, customized guidance, reading activity level, achievement goals, parent-child relationships, and school size(medium size) had a significant effect on vocational high school students' lack of basic reading skills, and in particular, achievement goals were found to be significant variables only for vocational students.