Purpose The purpose of this research was to evaluate the shear bond strength between zirconia core and veneer ceramic after surface treatment. Material and methods Zirconia cores (N = 40, n = 10, 10 mm×10 mm×3 mm) were fabricated according to the manufacturers’ instructions and ultrasonically cleaned. The veneering ceramics (thickness 3 mm) were built and fired onto the zirconia core materials. Four groups of specimens with different surface treatment were prepared. Group I: without any pretreatment, Group II: treated with sandblasting, Group III: treated with liner, Group IV: treated with sandblasting and liner. The shear bond strength was tested in a universal testing machine. Data were compared with an ANOVA and Scheffe ′ post hoc test ( P = .05). Results The shear bond strength of group VI was significantly higher than the other groups. Conclusion Both mechanically and chemically treated simultaneously on zirconia core surface influenced the shear bond strength between the core and veneering ceramic in all-ceramic systems.