Purpose: This study aimed to describe the taxonomic identification of bacteria and fungi on the surfaces of field-grown broccoli that were collected from four farming regions on Jeju Island. Methods: The total metagenomic DNA was extracted from the samples of broccoli florets, and amplicon sequencing of the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region was performed. Results: In bacteria, the genera Pseudomonas, Rahnella, Acinetobacter, Sphingomonas, Janthinobacterium, and Cloacibacterium were abundant in region A. The genera Pseudomonas and Janthinobacterium were abundant in region B. The genera Rahnella and Pseudomonas were abundant in region C. The genera Pseudomonas, Rahnella, and Acinetobacter were abundant in region D. In fungi, the genera Purpureocillium, Cystofilobasidium, Filobasidium, Aureobasidium, and Antrodiella were abundant in region A. The genera Purpureocillium, Cystofilobasidium, Antrodiella, Filobasidium, Sporobolomyces, and Bulleromyces were abundant in region B. The genera Purpureocillium, Candida, Filobasidium, Cystofilobasidium, Sordariomycetes, Sporobolomyces, and Alternaria were abundant in region C. The genera Purpureocillium, Cystofilobasidium, Filobasidium, Sporobolomyces, and Leucosporidium were abundant in region D. Conclusion: In conclusion, diverse bacteria and fungi were found to be an important component of the phyllosphere microbiota on field-grown broccoli.