Background Cleft treatment is frequently performed in Indonesia, mostly in charity missions,but without a postoperative protocol it is difficult to establish the risks and complicationsof cleft treatment. The present study was designed to give an overview of current cleftlip and palate treatment strategies in Indonesia and to assess the complication rates duringand after surgery. Methods This prospective study evaluated anesthetic, intraoperative surgical, and short-termpostoperative complications in patients undergoing primary, secondary, or corrective surgeryfor cleft lip and palate deformities. The population consisted of 98 non-syndromic cleft patients. The main anesthetic complication that occurred during general anesthesia was highblood pressure, whereas the main intraoperative surgical complication was excessive bleedingand the main early postoperative complication was extremely poor wound hygiene. Results In this study, there were no cases of perioperative or postoperative mortality. However,in 23 (23.4%) of the 98 operations performed, at least one perioperative complicationrelated to anesthesia occurred. The intraoperative and early postoperative complications followingcleft lip and/or palate were assessed. There was a significant difference in the complicationrate between procedure types (χ2=0.02; P<0.05). However, no relationship was foundbetween perioperative complications related to anesthesia and the occurrence of postoperativecomplications (χ2=1.00; P>0.05). Nonetheless, a significant difference was found betweenprocedure types regarding perioperative complications and the occurrence of postoperativecomplications (χ2=0.031; P<0.05). Conclusions Further evaluation of these outcomes would help direct patient managementtoward decreasing the complication rate.