The effects of vacuum package combined with0.1% e-polylysine and 0.2% rosemary extract (V ? RP) onthe quality attributes and microbial communities of largeyellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) during ice storagewere investigated. The quality was evaluated by chemicalcharacteristics (total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N),K-value and biogenic amines (BAs)), microbiologicalindexes (Total viable counts (TVC), Shewanella bacteriacounts, Pseudomonas bacteria counts, Psychrophilic bacteriacounts (PBC)), changes in microbial compositionwere analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. Resultsshowed that the increase of TVB-N, K-value, microorganismsand BAs could be inhibited by V ? RP. Psychrobacterand Pseudomonas were detected in all samples. Shewanella increases rapidly in the middle of storage. Vagococcus and Shewanella were related to the decompositionof ATP, the formation of BAs, and TVB-N,respectively. In conclusion, V ? RP presented the optimaleffects, which could extend the shelf life of large yellowcroaker for another 9 days compared with the control.