Aiming to enhance self-excited oscillating cavitation jet performance, the effect of the dual-chamber nozzlestructure on the jet dynamical characteristics was designed and investigated. With high-speed camera technology,the cavitation phenomenon was investigated to analyze the area pattern and shedding period of the cavitation cloudunder different nozzle structures. The results showed that the dual-chamber nozzle significantly improved the jet cavitationstrength, and the cavitation cloud area increased by 76% and decreased the shedding period by 90% comparedwith the single-chamber nozzle. In the upstream chamber, the upper shrinkage ratio had a more drastic effect on thecavitation cloud area and shedding frequency than the lower shrinkage ratio with a more sensitive effect on the sheddingfrequency. In the downstream chamber, the outlet diameter ratio and chamber diameter were more sensitive tothe regulation of cavitation cloud shedding frequency and area, respectively, with the optimal regulation at the outletdiameter ratio of 1 and chamber length of 6 mm. The chamber diameter modulated the cavitation cloud most drasticallywith a comprehensive performance optimum at 12mm, which the area fluctuation reached 76.8%. The resultsprovide a basis for further research and application of dual-chamber nozzles.