Fabrication of nanofibrous scaffolds of biodegradable polymers provides a great premise for several biologicalapplications. In this study, nanofibrous polycaprolactone (PCL) mats incorporating Fe-MOF (PCL/x%Fe-MOF, x=5, 10, 20)were fabricated by electrospinning technique. The Fe-MOFs were separately synthesized by the hydrothermal method andthen were added to PCL solution for preparation of nanofibrous composites. The presence of Fe-MOF in the fibers wasdemonstrated by various methods including FT-IR (Fourier-transform infrared), PXRD (powder X-ray diffraction), EDS(energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) mapping, SEM (scanning electron microscope), and TEM (transmission electronmicroscope). In the FT-IR spectra of the nanocomposites, the characteristic bands for the pure PCL and Fe-MOF showed nosignificant change in their positions, suggesting a weak chemical interaction with each other, although they physically mixeduniformly. Nanofibrous structure of the as-prepared nanocomposites was confirmed by SEM and TEM images. The diameterof PCL nanofibers was measured to be 369 nm. Biological investigations indicated that the experimented scaffolds includingPCL/5%Fe-MOF and PCL/10%Fe-MOF nanofibrous scaffolds provided appropriate surface and mechanical properties suchas cellular biocompatibility, high porosity, chemical stability, and optimum fiber diameter for cell adhesion, viability, andproliferation compared with PCL and PCL/20%Fe-MOF nanocomposites. Indeed, our results demonstrated that percent ofFe-MOF in the composites played a significant role in cell attachment and viability. Also, according to the implantationstudies, up to at least 4 weeks, none of the animals showed any inflammatory response. Totally, we can be claimed that themodified electrospun scaffolds have been developed for tissue engineering applications.