Purpose: Little is known about the relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphisms andpsychiatric symptoms in diabetes patients. We investigated the effects of BDNF Val/66/Met polymorphism, glucose status, psychologicalsusceptibility, and resilience on anxiety and depression symptoms in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetesmellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods: We examined biochemical factors and BDNF polymorphism in 89 patients who were newly diagnosedwith T2DM. Psychiatric symptoms were investigated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Impact of Event Scale (IES) were used to assess psychological resilience and susceptibilityto psychological distress, respectively. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate factors associated withpsychiatric symptoms. Results: We determined that 62 patients (70%) were Met-carriers. No significant differences were found between the Val/Val homozygousand Met-carrier groups regarding age, sex, body mass index, and clinical factors related to glycemic control and lipidprofiles. HADS-anxiety and HADS-depression scores and IES factor scores were higher in the Met-carrier than the Val/Val homozygousgroup. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level was significantly inversely correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms. Resiliencefactors showed significant inverse correlations, and IES factors showed positive correlations with depressive symptomseverity. In the logistic regression analysis model, depressive symptoms were significantly associated with HbA1c and BDNFpolymorphism, whereas only the hyperarousal factor of the IES scale was associated with anxiety. Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are associated with the presence of the Met-carriers and lower HbA1c in patients newly diagnosedwith T2DM.