The microfluidic culture device could separate the cell body and neurites, so that the influence on soma or axon can be analyzed independently. COP (Cyclo olefin polymer), which has excellent observability and low drug adsorption, is used as the resin material, and the bottom surface is created thin and flat enough for a clear view by microscope. Next, primary DRG neurons was cultured in the device coated with Poly-L-lysine and Laminin. After culturing with a specific medium containing insulin, neurites grew sufficiently to occupy almost the whole microfluidic channel area, and the axon elongated unidirectional along the horizontal direction.