Aluminum alloy surface was machined by nanosecond laser equipment, and the effect of different processing parameters on the microstructure of aluminum alloy surface was studied. The surface microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy. Surface hydrophobicity was evaluated with deionized water. The experiment results show that, by controlling the machining parameters, the surface microstructure morphology can be designed and controlled, at the same time, the influence of processing parameters on microstructure depth and width are also determined.