In the perspective of injury and disability risk, this research carries out an empirical investigation and case study on injuries and disabilities situation of 400 athletes of 20 events in 4 events groups in Liaoning Province. It discloses present situation of athletes' injuries, and systematically elaborates the form mechanism from the aspects of process factor, human factor and condition safeguard factor and so on, thus provides the theory basis for the occurrence reduction of sports injuries and the optimization of sports training management.