QoS is an effective data transmission method, therefore, a reasonable routing algorithm is of great significance for improving QoS. In WSN, complete routing is the transmission of information between source and destination nodes, which is a prerequisite for effective communication in WSN. On this basis, a new ant optimization method was introduced, which can effectively improve the energy utilization efficiency of nodes in WSN, and on this basis, further improve the energy utilization efficiency of WSN. On this basis, a new pseudo random scale criterion was proposed, and a new state transition method was proposed based on it. Simulation experiments have shown that the method proposed in this paper has significant advantages in efficiency compared to conventional methods. In the network, each node gradually reduces the congestion of nodes in the network through group forwarding, thereby achieving load balancing in the network. By improving the ACO algorithm, it can achieve faster speed and higher success rate, which has certain reference significance for improving network routing.