The development and maturity of the big data technology is a great opportunity for the oil and gas industry. It provides a new way to solve many problems which puzzle the oil and gas exploration. At the same time it is also a huge challenge. Petroleum exploration and development involves a wide range of fields, and it contains complex techniques. Many data of petroleum exploration and development is so unstructured that it's very difficult to analyze and processing. Through the research on the characteristics of oil and gas industry, combining with a large number of big data applications, we analyze the current situation and future prospects of the application of big data technology in oil and gas industry. Finally, some application models are put forward according to the characteristics of A1A2 system, which can provide reference for further research.