In the textile industry, the application of new technologies and the processing of big data are still in the initial stages, and sustainable development is increasingly important. Therefore, this work aims to establish a traceability system based on traceability tags and the data warehouse to address the existing problems in the textile industry. We proposed a traceable data warehouse framework that includes a data source layer and a data storage and computing layer. In terms of product tracking, we designed an innovative fabric tags based on coded yarn and used Faster R-CNN for tag recognition. A data warehouse architecture was constructed based on traceability tags and the characteristics of big data in the textile industry. And the feasibility verification was conducted for both the product tracking method and the data warehouse construction. The validation results show that the traceability tags we proposed has good recognizability under different noise influences, and the data warehouse can integrate data from different data sources, enabling data integration, processing, and has good scalability. The data warehouse based on traceability tags has implementation potential at the technical level. This result contributes to the integration and utilization of resources in the textile industry, promotes the evolution of sustainable development, and be served as a basis for further application research.