The performance of wireless sensor network (WSN) system is significantly affected by the coverage quality. For the problem of low coverage of static sensor network nodes and high deployment cost of mobile sensor network nodes, a hybrid sensor network based on cuckoo search (CS) is studied. Node deployment optimization strategy. Firstly, the candidate target position of the mobile node is initially determined by the CS algorithm, and then the position optimization scheme is used to reduce the number of mobile nodes and the average moving distance. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively optimize the deployment of mobile nodes in hybrid WSN, improve the coverage of target areas, and reduce the energy consumption of nodes.