This paper aims to study and analyze the attitude control problems of the rocket pitching channel during boosting phase. Firstly, a linearization control model was established for the pitching channel of a rocket based on the linear perturbation method. Secondly, a fuzzy sliding mode controller was designed for the pitching channel of a rocket projectile considering the constraint rudder deviation based on linear sliding surface, auxiliary system, and fuzzy control system. Finally, the Lyapunov stability theory was used to verify the stability of the designed control strategy, and the effectiveness of the control scheme was verified through digital simulation.