At present, countries around the world have promoted energy transformation, and the development process of new energy has been greatly accelerated. Power substitution, that is, replacing coal, oil and gas with electricity, is an important aspect of promoting the consumption of new energy. Electric energy substitution planning is an important link to ensure the effect of Electric energy substitution. However, there is still no index system to evaluate the effect of Electric energy substitution planning. This paper studies the rationality of the planning scheme of electric energy alternative planning, and puts forward the evaluation principles of the rationality of the planning scheme, that is, overall planning from top to bottom, orderly and forward-looking, and local suitability; Based on this, this paper puts forward the contents and standards of rationality evaluation of planning scheme, including internal coordination, dynamic adjustment, implementation mechanism guarantee and economic and social coordination; Finally, the rationality evaluation method of planning scheme is proposed to ensure the scientificity and rationality of the evaluation results to the greatest extent.