Hardware Implementation of Lossless Adaptive and Scalable Hyperspectral Data Compression for Space
- Resource Type
- Conference
- Authors
- Aranki, Nazeeh; Keymeulen, Didier; Bakhshi, Alireza; Klimesh, Matthew
- Source
- 2009 NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems Adaptive Hardware and Systems, 2009. AHS 2009. NASA/ESA Conference on. :315-322 Jul, 2009
- Subject
- Components, Circuits, Devices and Systems
Computing and Processing
Power, Energy and Industry Applications
Signal Processing and Analysis
Hardware
Hyperspectral imaging
Data compression
Field programmable gate arrays
Instruments
Downlink
NASA
Data mining
Object recognition
Adaptive filters
hyperspectral data
lossless compression
FPGA implementation
- Language
Efficient on-board lossless hyperspectral data compression reduces data volume in order to meet NASA and DoD limited downlink capabilities. The technique also improves signature extraction, object recognition and feature classification capabilities by providing exact reconstructed data on constrained downlink resources. At JPL a novel, adaptive and predictive technique for lossless compression of hyperspectral data was recently developed. This technique uses an adaptive filtering method and achieves a combination of low complexity and compression effectiveness that far exceeds state-of-the-art techniques currently in use. The JPL-developed ‘Fast Lossless’ algorithm requires no training data or other specific information about the nature of the spectral bands for a fixed instrument dynamic range. It is of low computational complexity and thus well-suited for implementation in hardware. It was modified for pushbroom instruments and makes it practical for flight implementations. A prototype of the compressor (and decompressor) of the algorithm is available in software, but this implementation may not meet speed and real-time requirements of some space applications. Hardware acceleration provides performance improvements of 10x-100x vs. the software implementation (about 1M samples/sec on a Pentium IV machine). This paper describes a hardware implementation of the ‘Modified Fast Lossless’ compression algorithm for pushbroom instruments on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The FPGA implementation targets the current state-of-the-art FPGAs (Xilinx Virtex IV and V families) and compresses one sample every clock cycle to provide a fast and practical real-time solution for Space applications.