BackgroundThe aim of this study is to investigate the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) related to apoptosis in the aqueous humor (AH) and lens capsule (LC) of patients with glaucoma.MethodsAH and LC samples were collected from patients with open-angle glaucoma and control participants who were scheduled for cataract surgery. A miRNA PCR array comprising 84 miRNAs was used to analyze the AH (glaucoma, n = 3; control, n = 3) and LC samples (glaucoma, n = 3; control, n = 4). Additionally, the AH and LC samples (glaucoma, n = 3; control, n = 4) were subjected to quantitative real-time PCR to validate the differentially expressed miRNAs determined using the PCR array. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify the interactions between miRNAs and diseases. Additionally, the differential expression of these miRNAs and the target gene was validated through in vitro experiments using a retinal ganglion cell (RGC) model.ResultsExpression levels of 19 and 3 miRNAs were significantly upregulated in the AH and LC samples of the glaucoma group, respectively (p