Abstract Introduction End‐stage renal disease (ESRD) is an abnormality where the kidneys are not usually working. This case‐control study was planned to determine the extent of serum lipid peroxidation, non‐enzymatic antioxidant (vitamin c), and trace elements in 50 patients with ESRD as cases and 50 normal healthy individuals as controls. Methods Determination of lipid peroxidation was carried out by ascertaining concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and vitamin C in serum using UV spectrophotometry whereas atomic absorption spectroscopy was used for trace elements estimation. The statistical analysis was conducted via the independent t‐test samples and Pearson correlation test. Results The blood serum study has shown substantially higher MDA values than the control level and lowers vitamin C levels in the patient population (P