声发射检测技术的特点是能够实时采集由材料内部发出的声能信号,无须外部激励,它的信号来源于材料缺陷本身属于动态无损检测技术中的一种.本文阐述了声发射检测技术的原理以及研究进展,并总结了该方法在金属材料、高分子材料和非金属复合材料的断裂损伤中的应用.同时,针对现有声发射检测模式识别技术对材料断裂的研究发展趋势,分析了浅层学习在技术层面的不足,并指出了深度学习技术在声发射检测领域的应用前景.
The characteristic of acoustic emission testing technology is that it can collect sound energy signals emitted from inside the material in real time,without external excitation.Its signal comes from the material defect itself,which belongs to a type of dynamic non-destructive testing technology.This article elaborated on the principle and research progress of acoustic emission detection technology,and summarized its application in the fracture damage of metal materials,polymer materials,and non-metallic composite materials.At the same time,in response to the current research and development trend of acoustic emission detection pattern recognition technology for material fracture,the shortcomings of shallow learning at the technical level were analyzed,and the application prospects of deep learning technology in the field of acoustic emission detection were pointed out.