目的 探讨改良示指背侧岛状皮瓣在修复不同类型拇指指端软组织缺损中的临床应用.方法 2015年8月至2017年10月,共收治25例拇指指端软组织缺损患者,其中男16例,女9例;修复拇指背侧缺损17例,拇指指腹缺损8例.采用改良示指背侧岛状皮瓣切取方式,沿第2掌骨背、尺侧切口切取示指背皮瓣,如需修复拇指指腹,可同时切取掌背侧静脉筋膜瓣,与示指背皮瓣组合后重建指腹外观轮廓,最后采用第2掌背接力皮瓣修复供区创面而无需植皮或另做手术切口.通过门诊、电话和微信传送照片的方式进行随访.结果 术后随访6~18个月,皮瓣全部成活,皮瓣颜色与周围皮肤相似,质地柔软,外观饱满,无臃肿,掌背侧仅留质软的线形瘢痕.示指背侧供区创面均采用第2掌背动脉皮瓣接力修复,无一例需要游离植皮手术.21例(84%)患者对术后拇指外观满意,手功能采用手指关节总活动度(TAM)法评定:优16例,良6例,可3例;供区无并发症. 结论 采用改良示指背侧岛状皮瓣切取技术,可以修复拇指背侧或者指腹侧不同类型缺损,同时可以通过接力皮瓣修复供区,避免供区植皮及增加额外切口.
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of modified dorsal metacarpal artery island flap of index finger without skin graft in repairing different types of soft tissue defect of thumb tip.Methods From August,2015 to October,2017,25 patients with soft tissue defect of the thumb tip were included in the study.Sixteen cases were males and 9 cases were females.Seventeen defects were in thumb dorsal and 8 cases were in thumb pulp.A modified dorsal island flap of index finger was used and the dorsal metacarpal superficial vein fascial flap could be harvest and combined to repair the thumb pulp defect if necessary.A relaying perforator flap pedicled on the second dorsal metacarpal artery was raised through the same incision to cover the donor site without skin graft.Followed-up was made by clinic,telephone and WeChat.Results The patients were followed-up for 6 to 18 months.All flaps survived completely without complications.The color,texture and contour of the flaps was good.Only 1 linear scar was left in the dorsum of the hand and no skin grafts.The second dorsal metacarpal artery flap was used to cover the donor site.Twenty-one cases (84%) were satisfied with the postoperative appearance of the thumb.The function was assessed as excellent in 16 fingers,good in 6 fingers and fair in 3 fingers.No complication occurred in the donor site.Conclusion It is possible to use the modified dorsal island flap of index finger to repair different types of thumb tip defects.A second dorsal metacarpal artery flap can be used as a relaying flap to cover the donor site without skin grafts.