专利无效宣告制度在保证专利质量,实现专利法宗旨方面起到重要的作用.文章通过归纳和整理经无效宣告请求的专利,识别经过无效程序依然维持有效专利的质量特征.以全部被提起无效宣告请求的中国专利为研究对象,根据无效决定将研究对象分为"维持有效"和"宣告无效"两组,在各组采用相同的7项指标进行logistic回归分析,对比差异.研究发现,在专利申请阶段,发明人数和申请文件页数与专利质量呈显著正相关.在专利确权阶段,发明授权专利权利要求数与专利质量呈显著负相关;技术覆盖范围与专利质量呈显著正相关;实用新型专利引证专利数与专利质量呈显著正相关.根据对两组专利的无效审查援引法条对比发现,对专利质量的考量还应该关注专利申请文本撰写质量.
Patent invalidation system plays an important role in ensuring patent quality and realizing the purpose of the Patent Law.This paper identifies the quality characteristics of patents that remain valid after the invalidation procedure by summarizing and sorting out the patents that have been requested for invalidation.Based on the invalidation decisions,the research subjects are divided into two groups:"maintain validity"and"declare invalidity".Logistic regression analysis is performed using the same 7 indicators in each group to compare the differences.It is found that the number of inventors and the number of pages of application documents are significantly positively correlated with patent quality.The number of patent claims is significantly negatively correlated with patent quality in the patent confirmation stage.Technology coverage is significantly positively correlated with patent quality.There is a significant positive correlation between the number of utility model patent citations and patent quality.According to the comparison of cited articles of the two groups,the quality of patent application documents should also be considered.