沙田柚具有自花授粉亲和性差,单一品种种植产量低的特点.因此,生产上常在沙田柚果园内配置一定比例的其他柚类品种作为授粉树.本试验在盛花期分别将蜜柚、水晶柚、梅花早、暹罗柚和酸柚的花粉授到沙田柚柱头上,研究不同授粉品种对沙田柚果实品质的影响.结果表明,异花授粉会明显影响沙田柚的外观品质,异花授粉后的果实颈长均显著缩短,单果重均显著增加.与自然授粉相比,授酸柚花粉的果实横径显著增加;授梅花早花粉的果实果皮显著变薄.同时,异花授粉对沙田柚果实内在品质影响较大,除对照外,授水晶柚花粉的果实中的维生素C含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性固形物含量以及糖酸比都较好.对比分析发现,水晶柚是沙田柚最优的授粉品种,授粉后果实综合品质好.
Shatian pomelo has the characteristics of poor self-pollination affinity and low yield of single variety.Therefore,a certain proportion of other pomelo varieties are often used as pollinating trees in Shatian pomelo orchards in production.In this experiment,the pollen of honey pomelo,crystal pomelo,Meihuazao,Siamese pomelo and sour pomelo were pollinated on the stigma of Shatian pomelo at the full-bloom stage,and the effects of different pollinating varieties on the fruit quality of Shatian pomelo were studied.The results showed that cross-pollination could significantly affect the appearance quality of Shatian pomelo.The fruit neck length was significantly shortened and the single fruit weight was significantly increased after cross-pollination.Compared with natural pollination,the fruit transverse diameter of acid pomelo pollen was significantly increased.The fruit peel of the early pollen of plum blossom was significantly thinner.At the same time,cross-pollination had a great influence on the internal quality of Shatian pomelo fruit.Except for the control,the vitamin C content,soluble sugar content,soluble solids content and sugar-acid ratio in the fruit of crystal pomelo pollen were better.Comparative analysis showed that crystal pomelo was the best pollination variety of Shatian pomelo,and the comprehensive quality of fruit after pollination was good.