水资源优化配置能够解决区域水资源短缺及不合理利用问题,近年来优化算法成为获得水资源优化配置结果的重要工具.为有效缓解现有优化配置算法中存在的收敛缓慢、局部优化和早熟等问题,介绍了一种新型的元启发式算法:猎豹优化算法(the Cheetah Optimizer,CO),利用该算法收敛速度快、鲁棒性强、寻优能力强等优点,将其运用至水资源优化配置问题中.以太原市为研究区域,建立了以经济效益、社会效益和生态效益为目标的水资源优化配置模型,采用CO求解该模型,并与遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)结果进行对比分析.结果表明:CO的污染物排放总量在规划年(2030)控制目标内,区域用水满意度达到0.98,能够满足基本用水和发展用水需求;与现状年(2020)相比,生活用水占比下降22.58%,三次产业用水占比分别上升10.53%、25.81%、12.5%,地表水和地下水供水比例分别降低21.70%、11.14%,回用水和引黄水供水比例分别提高了5.43%、27.40%,符合太原市水资源配置思路,验证了CO的有效性;与GA相比,CO的区域满意度、综合用水价值和配水公平性分别提高了7.10%、3.57%和56.52%,污染物排放量和缺水率分别降低了3.11%和3.85%,同时有更好的协调性,验证了CO的优越性.研究成果表明用CO求解水资源优化配置模型合理可行,为水资源优化配置模型求解提供了新方法.
Optimal allocation of water resources can solve the problems of regional water resources shortage and unreasonable utilization,and in recent years optimization algorithms have become an important tool for obtaining the results of optimal allocation of water resources.To ef-fectively alleviate the problems of slow convergence,local optimization and prematureness in existing optimal allocation algorithms,this pa-per introduces a new metaheuristic algorithm:the Cheetah Optimizer(CO),with the advantages of fast convergence,robustness,and supe-riority-seeking ability,which is applied to the optimal allocation of water resources.Taking Taiyuan as the study area,this paper establishes a water resource optimization model with the objectives of economic,social,and ecological benefits,and CO is used to solve the model,then compares and analyzes the results with the Genetic Algorithm(GA).The results show that the total pollutant discharge of CO is within the control target of the planning year(2030),the regional satisfaction reaches 0.98,which can meet the demand for basic and development water;compared with the current year(2020),the proportion of domestic water consumption decreases by 22.58%,and the proportion of water consumption in production increases by 10.53%,25.81%and 12.5%,respectively.The water supply ratio of surface water and ground-water is reduced by 21.70%and 11.14%,respectively,the water supply ratio of reuse water and yellow diversion water is increased by 5.43%and 27.40%.It accords with the idea of water resources allocation in Taiyuan,and verifies the effectiveness of CO.Compared with GA,CO has increased regional satisfaction,integrated water value and water distribution equity by 7.10%,3.57%and 56.52%,respective-ly,reduced pollutant emissions and water shortage by 3.11%and 3.85%,at the same time,it has better coordination,which verifies the su-periority of the CO.The results show that CO is reasonable and feasible to solve the optimal allocation model of water resources,which can provide a new method for solving the optimal allocation model of water resources.