为研究"一步法"制备的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)杂化聚酰亚胺(PI)纳米纤维的结构和性能,采用静电纺丝技术,以聚酰亚胺纤维(P84)和MWCNTs为原料,制备了平均直径为(196.61±108.56)nm的多级结构MWCNTs杂化PI纳米纤维膜(PI/MWCNTs),并对其结构和性能进行表征.结果表明,首先,将P84纤维(分解温度为620℃)溶解后再经静电纺丝,制备的PI纳米纤维化学结构未发生改变,分解温度(590℃)略微降低,但热稳定性依然很好;然后,随着MWCNTs的加入,与纯PI纳米纤维相比,在不影响其化学结构和热稳定性的情况下,杂化纳米纤维直径逐渐降低,结构规整性提高,因而Tg(312℃)略有提升,适当加入MWCNTs还可显著提高材料的力学性能,当MWCNTs的质量分数为0.5%时,杂化纤维膜的拉伸强度较纯PI纳米纤维膜提高了65%.
Polyimide(PI)/multi-wall carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)hybrid nanofibers were prepared through a one-step electrospinning technology using P84 staple fiber as a matrix.The resultant nanofibers exhibited a minimum nanoscale fi-ber diameter of(196.61±108.56)nm and a hierarchical porous structure.FTIR spectroscopic analysis indicated that the as-prepared nanofibers presented all the characteristic absorption bonds of the original P84 staple fiber.However,the as-prepared nanofibers show lower crystallinity and a lower decomposition temperature(590℃)than those of the original P84 staple fibers(620℃).With the addition of MWCNTs,there is no influence on the chemical structure and thermal stability of the PI nanofibers.Nevertheless,the diameter of the hybrid nanofibers tended to decrease,and their crystallini-ty and mechanical strength increased compared to pure PI nanofibers.Notably,compared to pure PI nanofibers,the ten-sile stress of the hybrid nanofibers increases by 65%with the addition of 0.5 wt%MWCNTs.