纺织基超级电容器在实际应用场景中将面临不同的气候环境,而基于传统碱性聚乙烯醇(PVA)凝胶电解质的超级电容器的电化学性能受温度影响显著.以共面结构的纺织基超级电容器为研究对象,采用向传统PVA-KOH-H2O体系中添加丙烯酸(AA)单体的方法,提高凝胶电解质在宽温度范围内的电化学性能及稳定性;通过在-20~60℃的温度范围内测试织物电极表面电阻、凝胶电解质电学性能及纺织基超级电容器的电化学行为变化,探究温度对共面结构的纺织基超级电容器的影响机制,并与夹层结构的纺织基超级电容器进行比较分析.结果表明:随着温度的升高,织物电极表面电阻下降,凝胶电解质的离子电导率提高,共面结构的纺织基超级电容器的储能性能逐渐提升.在0.06 mA/cm2 的电流密度下,面积比电容从 1.57 mF/cm2(20℃)增加至 2.70 mF/cm2(60℃).由于电极和电解质集成在同一平面,温度变化对共面结构的纺织基超级电容器的界面作用影响较小,但电解质与空气的接触面积增大,高温下充放电稳定性减弱.
Textile-based supercapacitors will work in different climatic conditions,and the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors based on traditional alkaline polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)gel electrolytes is significantly affected by temperature.By adding acrylic acid(AA)monomer to the conventional PVA-KOH-H2O system,the electrochemical performance and stability of the gel electrolyte in a wide temperature range were improved in coplanar textile-based supercapacitors.The surface resistance of fabric electrodes,electrical performance of gel electrolyte,and overall electrochemical behavior of coplanar textile-based supercapacitors were tested within the temperature range of-20℃to 60℃to investigate the influence mechanism of temperature on coplanar textile-based supercapacitors,and to compare with those of sandwich-structure textile-based supercapacitor.The results showed that,with temperature increasing,the surface resistance of fabric electrodes decreased,the gel electrolyte's ionic conductivity increased,and coplanar textile-based supercapacitors'energy storage performance gradually improved.The area specific capacitance increased from 1.57 mF/cm2(at 20℃)to 2.70 mF/cm2(at 60℃)at a current density of 0.06 mA/cm2.Since the electrodes and electrolytes were integrated in the same plane,the temperature variation had relatively small impact on the interface interaction of coplanar textile-based supercapacitors.However,the contact area between the electrolyte and air increased,weakening charge-discharge stability at high temperatures.