土壤重金属污染是造成生态环境质量下降、农作物重金属含量超标以及危害人类健康的主要因素.植物修复兼具生态和经济效益,是目前重金属治理的重要方式之一,但多数植物品种修复能力有限,不能达到良好的重金属去除效果.与之相比,牧草易栽培、生物量大、生长周期短,在重金属污染土壤治理中表现出较强的修复能力,具有良好的应用前景和开发价值.结合牧草植物修复重金属污染土壤的研究现状,系统阐述了重金属胁迫下牧草的响应特征及其对重金属的富集效果和修复机制,旨在为高效利用牧草治理重金属污染土壤提供参考.
Soil heavy metal pollution is the main factor that causes the decline of ecological environment quality,the excessive content of heavy metals in crops and the harm to human health.Phytoremediation is one of the important ways to control heavy metals,which has both ecological and economic benefits.However,most plant species have limited remediation ability and cannot achieve good heavy metal removal effect.In contrast,forage grass is easy to cultivate,with large biomass and short growth cycle.It shows strong remediation ability in the treatment of heavy metal contaminated soil,and has good application prospect and development value.Based on the current situation of heavy metal contaminated soil remediation by herbage plants,the response characteristics of herbage plants under heavy metal stress,the enrichment effect of heavy metals and the remediation mechanism were systematically expounded,aiming to provide reference for the efficient use of herbage plants for heavy metal contaminated soil treatment.