为解决根据成熟度分不同生长时段进行人工采收劳动强度大、采收效率低的问题,设计了一种基于农田运载平台的烟叶辅助采收机.充分考虑烟叶种植农艺规范,将人员乘坐高度调整及烟包提升机构融合设计,满足采摘位置高度调整的要求;设计主从双控电力提升控制电路,保证烟包提升运行效率;开发烟叶采收量定位监测系统,满足田间烟叶采收量分布信息获取的需求.开展了烟包提升系统提升能力性能试验,结果表明:烟叶提升净质量最大为 15kg,提升时间最长为 13s.烟叶采收量田间试验结果表明:烟叶辅助采收机烟包平均质量为 6395g,标准差为 1588g;相邻烟包定位点平均距离为 5.64m,标准差为 4.38m,并获得了烟草田间收获量分布图.烟叶收获效率对比田间试验结果表明:烟叶辅助采收车单人烟叶收获效率平均为 30.46g/s,标准差为4.73g/s,与纯人工单人烟叶收获效率相比,烟叶收获平均效率提高 78%,采收效率标准差降低 1.80g/s,具有较好的采收效率的稳定性.研究结果可为省力、高效、智能烟叶采收机的研发提供技术支撑.
To solve the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency of manual harvesting according to different growth periods of tobacco harvest according to maturity,a tobacco auxiliary harvester based on farmland transportation platform was designed.Considering the agronomic specifications of tobacco planting,and integrate the design of personnel riding height adjustment and cigarette bag lifting mechanism to meet the requirements of height adjustment of picking po-sition;Design the master-slave dual control power lifting control circuit to ensure that the cigarette bag improves the op-eration efficiency;Develop a tobacco harvest positioning and monitoring system to meet the needs of obtaining tobacco harvest distribution information in the field.The results show that the maximum net weight of tobacco is 15kg and the maximum lifting time is 13s.The results of field experiment on tobacco leaf harvest showed that the average weight of to-bacco bag of tobacco leaf auxiliary harvester was 6395g and the standard deviation was 1588g;The average distance be-tween the locating points of adjacent cigarette packs was 5.64m and the standard deviation was 4.38m.The distribution map of tobacco harvest in the field was obtained.The results of field experiment on the comparison of tobacco leaf harves-ting efficiency showed that the average tobacco leaf harvesting efficiency of single person of tobacco leaf auxiliary harves-ting vehicle was 30.46g/s and the standard deviation was 4.73g/s.Compared with the pure artificial tobacco leaf har-vesting efficiency of single person,the average tobacco leaf harvesting efficiency was increased by 78%and the standard deviation of tobacco leaf harvesting efficiency was reduced by 1.80g/s,which proved that the tobacco leaf auxiliary har-vesting vehicle had good stability of harvesting efficiency.This research can provide technical support for the research and development of labor-saving,efficient and intelligent tobacco harvester.