为提高聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维膜的性能,在 PAN溶液中掺杂了 MgO和 Ag纳米颗粒(MgONPs和AgNPs),通过静电纺丝方法制备了不同质量分数的PAN/MgO/Ag复合纳米纤维过滤膜,采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、紫外线透反射分析仪、过滤性能测试仪测试复合纤维过滤膜的微观形态、结晶结构、透气性、透湿性及过滤性能等.结果表明:纯PAN纳米纤维的直径为222.9 nm,PAN/MgO/Ag复合纳米纤维的直径为151.5 nm~258.6 nm.相对于纯PAN纤维膜,PAN/MgO/Ag复合纤维膜具有优良的过滤性能和紫外线防护性能,其紫外线防护系数为38.73~55.37,过滤效率为95.36%~97.59%,阻力压降为46.06 Pa~58.31 Pa.当MgONPs和AgNPs的质量分数都是0.75%时,PAN/MgO/Ag复合纤维膜的品质因子最高,为0.071 4 Pa-1,过滤性能最好,属于高效低阻且具有防紫外线功能的过滤膜材料.
In order to improve the property of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)nanofibrous membrane,MgO nanoparticles and Ag nanoparticles(MgONPs and AgNPs)were added into the polyacrylonitrile(PAN)solution.PAN/MgO/Ag composite nanofibrous filtration membranes with different mass fractions of MgO and Ag nanoparticles were prepared through electrospinning method.Their microstructure,crystalline structure,air permeability,moisture permeability and filtration property were tested by scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffractometer,infrared spectrometer,ultraviolet translucency analyzer and filtration property tester.Test results showed that the fiber diameter of pure PAN nanofiber was 222.9 nm while the diameter of PAN/MgO/Ag composite nanofibers were 151.5 nm~258.6 nm.Compared with pure PAN nanofibrous membrane,composite PAN/MgO/Ag nanofibrous membranes possessed excellent filter performance and ultraviolet protective property.Their UV protective factor were 38.73~55.37.The filtration efficiency were 95.36%~97.59% while the pressure drop were 46.06 Pa~58.31 Pa.When the mass fraction of MgONPs and AgNPs were both 0.75%,PAN/MgO/Ag composite nanofibrous membrane had the maximum quality factor of 0.071 4 Pa-1 and the filtration performance was the best,which belonged to the fiber filtration material with higher efficiency and lower resistance and UV protection property.