针对车载自组网络近场通信中密钥分发通信开销大、安全性低的问题,本文提出了一种基于量子随机数的高效量子组密钥分发方案.在该方案中:(1)通过车端和云端的量子随机数共同生成车辆的匿名凭证,并采用零知识证明方式实现车辆与路端的身份互认,保护了车辆隐私;(2)通过一种两段式的组密钥,即路端和云端的两个关键参数实现了组密钥的更新.组密钥在保证前向安全和后向安全的前提下,信令开销减少了一半,大大缩短了组密钥下发时间.最后,通过安全性和性能分析证明了该方案的安全性.
To address the problem of high communication overhead and low security of key distribution in the near-field communication of VANETs,an efficient quantum group key distribution scheme based on quantum random numbers is proposed in this paper.In this scheme,Firstly,the anonymous credentials of the vehicle are jointly generated by quantum random numbers at the vehicle side and the cloud side,and zero-knowledge proof is used to achieve mutual identity recognition between the vehicle and the road side,which protects the privacy of the vehicle.Then,a two-stage group key achieves the update of the group key,i.e.two key parameters at the roadside and the cloud side.The group key reduces the signaling overhead by half and greatly shortens the group key issu-ance time while ensuring forward and backward security.Finally,the security of the scheme is demonstrated by se-curity analysis and performance analysis.