离子型稀土是我国重要的战略资源,采用原地溶浸工艺开采时,容易出现毛细上升作用引起的资源损失、浸矿剂浪费和氨氮污染的问题.为了确定原地浸矿工艺现有注液条件下毛细上升的影响范围,本文立足于生产现场,通过对开采矿块山顶、山腰、注液边界和注液边界外的测试点矿样进行测试化验,分别以周边注液孔孔底坐标、见矿深度和注液孔液面高度为参照物,运用描述性统计对测试点尾矿样的氨氮赋存规律进行归纳和分析,从而发现:(1)毛细上升的参照物应该选择为见矿深度;(2)毛细上升影响范围:以见矿深度为参照物,分区域设置,山顶(5.0 m)>注液边界(0.8 m)≈山腰(0.78 m).该研究成果可以为解决毛细上升引起的资源损失和环境污染问题提供基础数据和设计依据.
Ionic rare earth ore is an important strategic resource in China.When the in-situ leaching process is adopted for mining,the problems of resource loss,leaching agent waste and ammonia nitrogen pollution caused by capillary rising are easy to occur.In order to determine the influence range of capillary rise under the existing injection conditions of in-situ leaching process,based on the production site,this paper summarizes and analyzes the occurrence law of ammonia nitrogen in the tailing samples of the test points by using descriptive statistics,taking the coordinates of the bottom of the surrounding injection hole,the depth of ore discovery and the liquid level height of the injection hole as the reference,through testing and testing the ore samples at the top of the mountain,the mountainside,the injection boundary and outside the injection boundary of the mining block,It is found that:(1)the reference object of capillary rise should be the depth of mining occurrence,(2)the influence range of capillary rise:Taking the depth of mining occurrence as the reference object,it should be set in different areas,with the top of the mountain(5.0 M)>the injection boundary(0.8 m)≈ the mountainside(0.78 m).The research results can provide basic data and design basis for solving the problems of resource loss and environmental pollution caused by capillary rise.